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Systems Of Cooling Function
The system of cooling of the engine serves for maintenance
of an optimum thermal mode of the engine. Profitability and
reliability of the engine substantially depend on normal work
of system of cooling. At an engine overheat its capacity decreases,
fuel consumption increases, there is a greasing burning out
that leads to deterioration of rubbing surfaces of details,
occurs teases and smelting of loose leaves of bearings, destruction
of a surface of necks of a cranked shaft, jamming of the piston
and other malfunctions.
Engine overcooling also conducts to malfunctions: losses of
capacity of the engine increase by overcoming of the increased
friction because of more dense greasing; a working mix, being
condensed, washes off a film of oil from walls of cylinders
and increases deterioration of details of piston group; corrosion
deterioration of a mirror of cylinders as a result of formation
of sulfuric and sulphurous connections increases, etc.
The liquid system of cooling of the engine consists of a radiator,
the pump of cooling means, the thermostat and the fan. Besides,
to it carry a shirt of cooling of the block and a head of
cylinders, the water pump, gauges of temperature of a cooling
liquid, a water distributive pipe, branch pipes and hoses
with fastening details, drain , a heater, a heater of a cabin
of the driver or salon, a broad tank.
A cooling liquid
As a cooling liquid apply water or liquids - antifreezes (antifreeze).
The order of circulation of a cooling liquid changes depending
on its temperature.
While the engine in the cold condition, a cooling liquid circulates
only in the block of the engine and the heating heat exchanger
on a small circle, accelerating engine heating. Circulating
in a cavity of the block and a head of the cylinders, the
cooling liquid washes sleeves of cylinders and a wall of the
chamber of combustion.
First of all the stream of a circulating liquid goes to most
to engine details: to walls of the chamber of combustion,
spark plugs, final valves, engine cylinders.
Warmth from heating up details is transferred through walls
of units of the engine of a cooling liquid, and then through
external walls of units of system of cooling in atmosphere.
Through the top branch pipe the cooling liquid gets to a radiator
tank where it is cooled by air stream, flows on tubes in the
bottom tank of a radiator and through a branch pipe and a
hose arrives to the water pump.
